Picture
Books. Children’s books that provide a story through
pictures. There may or may not be text with the book. The content of the book
can be fully explained or illustrated with pictures. Picture books might not
even tell stories – they might illustrate letters of the alphabet or numbers.
There are also fun books for young, non-reading children to play with. Again,
children can tell the story based on the illustrations, pretending to “read” the
book.
FICTION
Traditional
Literature or Folklore.Stories from various cultures that
are passed down from generation to generation, changing slowly over time. They
provide a link between the past and the future. Traditional literature is a
great starting point to introduce children to the concept of a story.
Traditional literature includes:
*
Folktales.These feature common “folks,” such as peasants,
and commonplace events. There maybe be some “make-believe” elements, like
talking animals, but the stories, overall, sound logical – even realistic.
Folktales seek to explain things about life, nature, or the human condition.
Some folktales are cumulative, in which one event builds on another such as in
the Gingerbread Boy.
* Fairy
Tales.Fairy tales feature magical and enchanted forces.
They always have a “happily ever after” ending, where good is rewarded and evil
is punished. Usually the element of 3 is used: 3
Little Pigs, getting 3 wishes, Goldilocks and the 3 Bears. . . .
* Fables.
Short stories with animals and/or other inanimate objects
talking, to teach us a moral (or lesson). The moral is written at the end.
Aesop is credited for writing these, during the 6th century BC.
*
Pourquoi Tales.
These tales explain “why” or “how.” A Pourquoi tale is a
story that has been passed orally in a culture to provide an explanation for
creation, nature’s elements, people’s actions, or an animal characteristic. The
characters are people, animals, or nature, and there is one main character who
changes in the end. The setting is earthly and takes place long, long ago. The
plot tells how or why something changed from the way it used to be to how it is
today. Why Mosquitoes Buzz in People’s Ears is a Pourqoi tale.
* Trickster
Tales. These tales have a clever animal or person who
plays tricks on other characters. These are often humorous stories, with a
moral or message stated or implied. They are written to sound like someone is
telling the tale aloud. Brother Rabbit: A Cambodian Tale is an
example of a trickster tale.
*
Legends.While based on history, these stories embellish the
life of a real person. Legends are known as a hero tales. The facts and
adventures of the person are exaggerated, making the individual famous for their
deeds, such as the Legend of the Bluebonnet.
* Epics.
Epics are similar to legends, although an epic tends to be
longer. An epic is a narrative poem recounting actions, travels, adventures,
and heroic episodes. The hero embodies the ideals most desired by a particular
society. The setting is earthly, but not always realistic. The use of the
number three is sometimes used in epics, and epics sometimes involve a magic
weapon or clothing. The Iliad and The Odyssey are epics.
*Tall
Tales. A tall
tale is a type of legend, but less serious than a legend. It is typically
American. It is not technically folklore because tall tales were not originally
oral, but they do depict legendary characters. The characters are larger and
stronger than life, and may be imaginary or based on a real person. The setting
is usually America in the frontier days. The hero is able to accomplish
impossible things while facing a powerful enemy, or solving a difficult problem.
An example of a tall tale is John Henry.
* Myths.
Myths represent the distant past. They contain common themes and
characters, often “gods.” Myths attempt to explain the beginning of the world,
natural phenomena, the relationships between the gods and humans, and the
origins of civilization. Myths, like legends, are stories told as though they
were true.
Historical
Fiction.Historical fiction are stories set in a true
historical time period with a real setting, and gives information about that
period and events. Historical fiction may be based on true people in
history, but often the characters are purely fictional. Authors use historical
fiction to create drama and interest based on real events in people’s lives.
These types of books can be powerful teaching tools. Often, historical fiction
presents history from the point of view of young participants. Children’s
historical fiction attempts to help readers see how history affects people of
the same age.
Fantasy. These are
imaginative tales that include impossible elements. The setting may be any
place, any time. The stories may be based on animals that talk, magical powers,
mythical beings, elements of science fiction,
supernatural or horror, or combinations of these elements.
* Science Fiction.
A book with a futuristic
setting that tests the limits of science and technology. Science fiction can be
set on another planet, or contain robots, time travel, etc. It involves
partially true theories of science.
Realistic
Fiction.Books with realistic characters, a realistic
setting, and realistic events/plot. It COULD happen, but it didn’t. The
positive aspect is realistic fiction allows readers to “experience” different
settings, cultures, and situations than their own lifestyle. Children’s
realistic fiction features main characters of approximately the age as the
intended audience. The books present a “real-world” problem or challenge and
shows how a young person solves that problem. Children’s realistic fiction is
positive and upbeat, showing young readers how they, too, can conquer their
problems. Examples of types of realistic fiction include: family, peer,
challenges, animal, sports, diversity, moral choice, romance, adventure, and
rites of passage.
* Mystery.
A book with something unsolved or unknown. It may be
realistic or not. The characters may include one or more detectives trying to
solve the crime, as well as suspects. The tone of a mystery is strange,
unexplained events, vague threats or terrors, unknown forces or antagonists.
The mystery is not solved until the end of the story.
* Adventure.
Adventure stories are dominated by action, involving
danger, risk, and excitement. Some times if it’s a humorous adventure, the
danger isn’t “played up.” The action is fast paced. The setting is usually an
exotic or distant place, with extraordinary events.
NONFICTION
Nonfiction
or Informational Books.Books containing factual
information about a variety of topics, designed to help readers learn more about
real things. Nonfiction is challenging because students have varying background
knowledge or interests. The challenge is to match high interest topics with
appropriate reading levels and background knowledge. The best way to reach out
to “unmotivated readers” is to find a high-interest topic and a book that
matches that young reader’s abilities and understanding.
Biography.
A book about an actual person written by somebody else. It
is a form of nonfiction. Biographies are usually used to introduce students to
nonfiction. Biographies can also be extremely motivating – young children love
to dream about what they will be when they grow up. The lives of famous,
important people let children see how the process of growing up shapes the
opportunities, choices, and challenges people face in life.
Autobiography/
Memoir. When you write about your own life. When the
author tells his/her own story.
OTHER
Poetry
and Drama.Poems are “stories” written in verse form to
create a response of thought and feeling from the reader. Poems often have
rhythm and rhyme, or they can be free verse. Poems and drama are important
genres that introduce children to verse, prose, rhythm, rhyme, writing styles,
literary devices, symbolism, analogies, and metaphors. Drama has stage
directions and italic words that are unspoken thoughts or actions.
Some information came from:
http://www.breitlinks.com/my_libmedia/children’s_genres.htm
Books. Children’s books that provide a story through
pictures. There may or may not be text with the book. The content of the book
can be fully explained or illustrated with pictures. Picture books might not
even tell stories – they might illustrate letters of the alphabet or numbers.
There are also fun books for young, non-reading children to play with. Again,
children can tell the story based on the illustrations, pretending to “read” the
book.
FICTION
Traditional
Literature or Folklore.Stories from various cultures that
are passed down from generation to generation, changing slowly over time. They
provide a link between the past and the future. Traditional literature is a
great starting point to introduce children to the concept of a story.
Traditional literature includes:
*
Folktales.These feature common “folks,” such as peasants,
and commonplace events. There maybe be some “make-believe” elements, like
talking animals, but the stories, overall, sound logical – even realistic.
Folktales seek to explain things about life, nature, or the human condition.
Some folktales are cumulative, in which one event builds on another such as in
the Gingerbread Boy.
* Fairy
Tales.Fairy tales feature magical and enchanted forces.
They always have a “happily ever after” ending, where good is rewarded and evil
is punished. Usually the element of 3 is used: 3
Little Pigs, getting 3 wishes, Goldilocks and the 3 Bears. . . .
* Fables.
Short stories with animals and/or other inanimate objects
talking, to teach us a moral (or lesson). The moral is written at the end.
Aesop is credited for writing these, during the 6th century BC.
*
Pourquoi Tales.
These tales explain “why” or “how.” A Pourquoi tale is a
story that has been passed orally in a culture to provide an explanation for
creation, nature’s elements, people’s actions, or an animal characteristic. The
characters are people, animals, or nature, and there is one main character who
changes in the end. The setting is earthly and takes place long, long ago. The
plot tells how or why something changed from the way it used to be to how it is
today. Why Mosquitoes Buzz in People’s Ears is a Pourqoi tale.
* Trickster
Tales. These tales have a clever animal or person who
plays tricks on other characters. These are often humorous stories, with a
moral or message stated or implied. They are written to sound like someone is
telling the tale aloud. Brother Rabbit: A Cambodian Tale is an
example of a trickster tale.
*
Legends.While based on history, these stories embellish the
life of a real person. Legends are known as a hero tales. The facts and
adventures of the person are exaggerated, making the individual famous for their
deeds, such as the Legend of the Bluebonnet.
* Epics.
Epics are similar to legends, although an epic tends to be
longer. An epic is a narrative poem recounting actions, travels, adventures,
and heroic episodes. The hero embodies the ideals most desired by a particular
society. The setting is earthly, but not always realistic. The use of the
number three is sometimes used in epics, and epics sometimes involve a magic
weapon or clothing. The Iliad and The Odyssey are epics.
*Tall
Tales. A tall
tale is a type of legend, but less serious than a legend. It is typically
American. It is not technically folklore because tall tales were not originally
oral, but they do depict legendary characters. The characters are larger and
stronger than life, and may be imaginary or based on a real person. The setting
is usually America in the frontier days. The hero is able to accomplish
impossible things while facing a powerful enemy, or solving a difficult problem.
An example of a tall tale is John Henry.
* Myths.
Myths represent the distant past. They contain common themes and
characters, often “gods.” Myths attempt to explain the beginning of the world,
natural phenomena, the relationships between the gods and humans, and the
origins of civilization. Myths, like legends, are stories told as though they
were true.
Historical
Fiction.Historical fiction are stories set in a true
historical time period with a real setting, and gives information about that
period and events. Historical fiction may be based on true people in
history, but often the characters are purely fictional. Authors use historical
fiction to create drama and interest based on real events in people’s lives.
These types of books can be powerful teaching tools. Often, historical fiction
presents history from the point of view of young participants. Children’s
historical fiction attempts to help readers see how history affects people of
the same age.
Fantasy. These are
imaginative tales that include impossible elements. The setting may be any
place, any time. The stories may be based on animals that talk, magical powers,
mythical beings, elements of science fiction,
supernatural or horror, or combinations of these elements.
* Science Fiction.
A book with a futuristic
setting that tests the limits of science and technology. Science fiction can be
set on another planet, or contain robots, time travel, etc. It involves
partially true theories of science.
Realistic
Fiction.Books with realistic characters, a realistic
setting, and realistic events/plot. It COULD happen, but it didn’t. The
positive aspect is realistic fiction allows readers to “experience” different
settings, cultures, and situations than their own lifestyle. Children’s
realistic fiction features main characters of approximately the age as the
intended audience. The books present a “real-world” problem or challenge and
shows how a young person solves that problem. Children’s realistic fiction is
positive and upbeat, showing young readers how they, too, can conquer their
problems. Examples of types of realistic fiction include: family, peer,
challenges, animal, sports, diversity, moral choice, romance, adventure, and
rites of passage.
* Mystery.
A book with something unsolved or unknown. It may be
realistic or not. The characters may include one or more detectives trying to
solve the crime, as well as suspects. The tone of a mystery is strange,
unexplained events, vague threats or terrors, unknown forces or antagonists.
The mystery is not solved until the end of the story.
* Adventure.
Adventure stories are dominated by action, involving
danger, risk, and excitement. Some times if it’s a humorous adventure, the
danger isn’t “played up.” The action is fast paced. The setting is usually an
exotic or distant place, with extraordinary events.
NONFICTION
Nonfiction
or Informational Books.Books containing factual
information about a variety of topics, designed to help readers learn more about
real things. Nonfiction is challenging because students have varying background
knowledge or interests. The challenge is to match high interest topics with
appropriate reading levels and background knowledge. The best way to reach out
to “unmotivated readers” is to find a high-interest topic and a book that
matches that young reader’s abilities and understanding.
Biography.
A book about an actual person written by somebody else. It
is a form of nonfiction. Biographies are usually used to introduce students to
nonfiction. Biographies can also be extremely motivating – young children love
to dream about what they will be when they grow up. The lives of famous,
important people let children see how the process of growing up shapes the
opportunities, choices, and challenges people face in life.
Autobiography/
Memoir. When you write about your own life. When the
author tells his/her own story.
OTHER
Poetry
and Drama.Poems are “stories” written in verse form to
create a response of thought and feeling from the reader. Poems often have
rhythm and rhyme, or they can be free verse. Poems and drama are important
genres that introduce children to verse, prose, rhythm, rhyme, writing styles,
literary devices, symbolism, analogies, and metaphors. Drama has stage
directions and italic words that are unspoken thoughts or actions.
Some information came from:
http://www.breitlinks.com/my_libmedia/children’s_genres.htm